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In mathematics the Burau representation is a representation of the braid groups, named after and originally studied by the German mathematician Werner Burau during the 1930s. The Burau representation has two common and near-equivalent formulations, the reduced and unreduced Burau representations. == Definition == Consider the braid group to be the mapping class group of a disc with marked points . The homology group is free abelian of rank . Moreover, the invariant subspace of (under the action of ) is primitive and infinite cyclic. Let be the projection onto this invariant subspace. Then there is a covering space corresponding to this projection map. Much like in the construction of the Alexander polynomial, consider as a module over the group-ring of covering transformations . As such a -module, is free of rank . By the basic theory of covering spaces, acts on , and this representation is called the ''reduced Burau representation''. The ''unreduced Burau representation'' has a similar definition, namely one replaces with its (real, oriented) blow-up at the marked points. Then instead of considering one considers the relative homology where is the part of the boundary of corresponding to the blow-up operation together with one point on the disc's boundary. denotes the lift of to . As a -module this is free of rank . By the homology long exact sequence of a pair, the Burau representations fit into a short exact sequence : where (resp. ) is the reduced (resp. unreduced) Burau -module and is the complement to the diagonal subspace, in other words: : and acts on by the permutation representation. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Burau representation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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